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Wedgwood is a middle class residential neighborhood of northeast Seattle, Washington, with a modest commercial strip. Wedgwood is located about two miles (3 km) north, and slightly east, of the University of Washington; it is about six miles (10 km) northeast of Downtown. The neighborhood is further typical of Seattle neighborhoods in having more than one name and having different, overlapping, but well-documented definitions of the neighborhood. The misspelling Wedgewood is not uncommon—it is used by at least five businesses and even appears in the unofficial ''City Clerk's Neighborhood Map Atlas''〔(1) Maps "NN-1030S", "NN-1040S".jpg June 17, 2002. (2) See heading, "Note about limitations of these data". Accessed December 2004, re-accessed July 15, 2006, so the site has been this way at least 18 months. (3) Shenk, Pollack, Dornfield, Frantilla, & Neman "Sources for this atlas and the neighborhood names used in it include a 1980 neighborhood map produced by the Department of Community Development (relocated to the Department of Neighborhoods () and other agencies), Seattle Public Library indexes, a 1984–1986 Neighborhood Profiles feature series in the ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'', numerous parks, land use and transportation planning studies, and records in the Seattle Municipal Archives ()." () See also the "Neighbors" project of the ''Seattle Post-Intelligencer'' and "Webtowns" of the on-line ''P-I''. See also Seattle neighborhoods #Informal districts.〕—but the origin and spelling of the name are clear: the neighborhood was named after the English bone china-maker Wedgwood, the favorite of the wife of Albert ("Al") Balch (1903–1976), the developer who named the neighborhood. Balch was also the founder of adjoining View Ridge.〔 == History == The area has been inhabited since the end of the last glacial period (c. 8,000 BCE—10,000 years ago). The ''Dkhw'Duw'Absh'', "the People of the Inside", and the ''xachua'bsh'' or ''hah-choo-AHBSH'', "People of a Large Lake" or "Lake People", today the Duwamish tribe, Native Americans of the Lushootseed (Skagit-Nisqually) Coast Salish hunted and traveled through what is now Wedgwood.〔Dailey, (29, ref. 2, 8)〕 The Wedgwood Rock, a glacial erratic boulder tall by circumference became the intersection of a number of trails through dense, old growth forest that covered what is now Seattle. The neighborhood has adopted Big Rock after it was protected from housing development in 1941.〔 The land that formed the original core of Wedgwood, west of 35th Avenue NE between 80th and 85th Streets, was at one time a heavily wooded ginseng farm. Charles E. Thorpe had cleared a portion of his tract north of the Seattle city limits of the time, building a log cabin from the wood of his own trees. By the 1920s, 35th Avenue NE was becoming a thoroughfare with homes and businesses (the first store opened in 1922), the electric (1923), water (1926), and sewer grids had been extended to the area, and it was becoming too urban for Thorpe's tastes. The Jesuit institution Seattle University paid Thorpe $65,000 for the property, planning to build a new campus there and move north from First Hill. Thorpe left Seattle, never to return.〔 〕 〔 〕 One month later came the Stock Market Crash of 1929. The Great Depression put the Jesuits plans for the new campus on hold. Thorpe's cabin became St. Ignatius Parish in 1929; the congregation grew through the Depression years, although it was served at that time only by visiting priests. By 1940, the Jesuits had decided not to relocate Seattle University, and sold Thorpe's to Albert Balch at a loss, for only $22,500, barely a third of what they had paid for the land in 1929.〔〔(Parish History ), Our Lady of the Lake Parish. Accessed online July 31, 2008. 〕 A Catholic presence remains in the neighborhood: the parish of St. Ignatius became the parish of Our Lady of the Lake at its present location on 35th Avenue at 89th Street NE (c. 1961).〔 Includes photo of the 1961 dedication of the current church. 〕〔(Home page ), Our Lady of the Lake Parish. Accessed online July 31, 2008.〕 When Balch obtained the land from the Jesuits, it was still "completely undeveloped, heavily treed, and with only one structure," Thorpe's cabin. 〔 〕 Major development of the neighborhood began during World War II with defense worker housing; initial development was largely by Balch and his partner Maury Seitzer. Balch and Seitzer built 500 homes on 40 acres (160,000 m², 16 hectares), constituting the center of today's Wedgwood neighborhood.〔 At the time, the area was north of Seattle city limits (Seattle ended at NE 65th Street). In its first act of community organizing, Wedgwood formed its own Volunteer Fire Department (Fire District #19), founded November 11, 1943, absorbed (with Wedgwood) into the city March 20, 1945. During its short life, the volunteer department operated a Ford Model A truck with a pump, based in the garage of a neighborhood home. In this wartime period, many of the volunteer firefighters were women.〔Valarie Bunn, "A History of Emergency Preparedness—Wedgwood's Do-It-Yourself Fire Department", ''Wedgwood Echo'', Volume 26, Issue VI, October 2011, p. 7.〕 Al Balch was a direct descendant of 17th century New England settler John Balch. Possibly in tribute to this heritage, he had the firm of Thomas, Grainger & Thomas design the houses in the Cape Cod style.〔 Each house was unique in some way,〔 "Work Starts in Wedgewood" (''sic''), ''The Seattle Times'', July 13, 1941, reprinted in the ''Wedgwood Echo'', November 2009, p. 5.〕 and each originally sold for $5,000〔 ($65,900 in 2005 dollars〔Conversely, $5000 in 2005 dollars would buy $380 in 1941 dollars. Further, virtually all the Wedgwood housing stock has been extensively updated if not renovated or restored over the years. For the inflation calculations, see Revised to reflect final 2005 CPI data and early 2006 inflation estimates from the OMB and CBO Basic tables for 2005 were revised January 18, 2006, using final 2005 CPI, released that day by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Most graphs in the price levels and the US economy section were revised January 23, 2006, to reflect final 2005 CPI. The summary Excel file was revised March 10 and updated April 12, 2006, using the inflation estimates for 2006 and later years published by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the Congressional Budget Office (CBO). Tables for all other-year conversion factors were revised April 12, 2006, and minor corrections made May 25, 2006. Original data from John J. McCusker and the Bureau of Labor Statistics, "original data for conversion factors 1665 to estimated 2016 (pdf format)" (), with an explanation of the conversion. Firefox users can access items by downloading the “ieview” extension from Firefox. Then right-click and select “open link target in IE” when opening a link. 〕); currently (as of 2005, 2006) all go for upwards of $300,000 ($22,800 in 1941 dollars〔); many (albeit with updating and often with further improvements and extensions) go for as much as $450,000. Other portions of Wedgwood have distinct histories of their own. In 1936, Dr. & Mrs. Philip M. Rogers purchased between 40th and 45th Avenues NE, from NE 88th Street to NE 92nd Street. Maple Creek flows through this property, forming a ravine. Until shortly after 1950, they left the land almost entirely undeveloped, allowing it to be used as a Boy Scout camp. According to Valarie Bunn, at the time "no traffic noise could be heard and no electric lights" could be seen in the area of the camp. The land was developed in the 1950s., p. 3.〔 〕 The Earl J. McLaughlin Plat (between NE 85th and NE 90th Streets, and 30th and 35th Avenue NE) was filed in 1907, but at the time there was no city water or electricity in the area. Few lots were sold at that time, and those were sold cheaply. In 1917, Earl J. McLaughlin relocated to Cleveland, Ohio, where he remained active in real estate for 12 years, before emigrating to Canada.〔Valarie Bunn, "The McLaughlin Realty Company (The Earl J. McLaughlin Plat in Wedgwood)", ''Wedgwood Echo'' (Seattle), Volume 26, Issue II, March 2011, p. 3.〕 The large P-Patch Community Garden near the west edge of the neighborhood, and the adjoining University Prep School〔(Home page ), University Prep School. Accessed online July 31, 2008.〕 and Temple Beth Am (Reform synagogue)〔(Home page ), Temple Beth Am. Accessed online July 31, 2008.〕 are on land that remained a working farm as late as 1965. Wedgwood has Seattle's oldest and largest P-Patch (mid-1960s); as of 2005, there are now 52 others. The "P" originally stood for "Picardo", the family that farmed the land (1922–1965).〔 〕 Just south of the old Picardo Farm is Dahl Playfield.〔(Dahl Playfield ), Seattle Department of Parks and Recreation. Accessed online July 31, 2008.〕 Like the P-Patch, it is former peat bog land, once known as the Ravenna Swamp. In the 1940s houses stood on part of what is now the playfield; at that time, Picardo Farm was the site contemplated for a park. However, after sewer lines were built along 25th Avenue NE in the late 1940s, houses began sinking in the peat; the city bought them out and turned the land into the "80th Street Playfield". In 1952, the bog caught fire: portions subsided as much as 5 feet (1.6 m), and the park was temporarily closed. Over the next few years, an estimated 75,000 cubic yards (57,000 cubic meters) of peat was replaced by fill dirt, and the park reopened. In 1955, the park was renamed after a former Park Board director, Waldo J. Dahl. In September 1992, the Wedgwood Community Council officially "adopted" the park.〔 〕 The Wedgewood Estates apartment complex on NE 75th Street between 37th and 39th avenues NE was purchased by the Seattle Housing Authority in 2001 in an effort to preserve a supply of moderately priced housing in this part of Seattle.〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wedgwood, Seattle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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